I don't think that repeatable quests can match up with a supply building.
I'm human and human repeatable quests give you about 10-15k supplies a day.
Not quite true. You can skip through the quests so you can only do a particular quest and you can do that same quest multiple times. Examples at my stage of the game.
Repeatable quest #1: Gain 50K coin (collecting in city and helping neighbors works, I can do this one at least 15 times a day solely from helping neighbors if I don't feel lazy to skip through the rest of the quests) - reward is 10K supplies;
Repeatable quest #2: Gain 100 culture - reward is 15K coin and 8.5K supplies;
Repeatable quest #3: Gain 3000 goods (both collecting and trading count) - reward is 60K coin and 4K supplies;
Repeatable quest #4: Solve 4 encounters - reward is 60K coin and 4K supplies;
ETC.
I haven't counted the quests but beyond the ones above there are quests for spending KP, for unlocking a research, for gaining relics, for upgrading buildings, for gaining population, for training units, for upgrading main hall, etc. There's a repeatable quest for every action you could do in your city, you can solve all of those multiple times a day, they do not require supplies and they give quite a bit of supplies in their rewards.