For me is a little strange what you are saying: "...while they're meant to take a while and cost some effort to build"
So, if somebody have 150-200+ provinces, this person already put "some effort", right? As effort/cost we cannot compare conquering a province at 10 hexes distance with one at 5 hexes distance - just think only at the cost of discovery.
Let's take a player having X provinces when he reach the first wonder in the tech tree. He will start getting shards for this wonder at province X+1. Let's assume furthermore, he will have provinces doubled (2X) when reaches the dwarven chapter wonder. This means, he got shards for X provinces conquered (2X-X). Now let's take somebody, who already have 2X provinces, when introducing the wonders and he is in chapter VI. This person will have a huge disadvantage, because he will lose (I mean not getting) shards for - as in the example above - X provinces. I understand Inno's intent, but looks like the people who already invested a lot of effort will be in an incomparably worse position versus the starting or mid level players from shard perspective.